Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts
                                    Richard E. Klabunde, Ph.D.

Peripheral Arterial Disease Tutorial  (NOTE: Turn off or override browser pop-up blockers.)

1. What are the relationships between pressure, flow and resistance for laminar and turbulent flow?  click here

2. How do changes changes in vessel radius alter single vessel resistance? click here

3. What is a “critical stenosis” and why are large reductions in vascular radius required to reduce resting and maximal distal flows? click here

4. What are the hemodynamic consequences of single and multiple stenotic lesions in the leg?  click here

5. Why might resting blood flows within a limb may be normal despite the presence of significant proximal stenotic lesions?  click here

6. What is autoregulation of blood flow and what mechanisms may be responsible for this phenomenon? click here

7. What is active hyperemia and what mechanisms may be responsible for this phenomenon?  click here

8. What is the ankle pressure index?  What is its normal value and under what conditions will this index fall during exercise and post-exercise?  click here

9. What is the hemodynamic basis of  “vascular steal?”  click here  

10. What is “intermittent claudication?”  click here  

 Revised 11/03/06  

DISCLAIMER: These materials are for educational purposes only, and are not a source of medical decision-making advice.

© 1999-2008 Richard E. Klabunde, all rights reserved.