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Mitral Stenosis
The changes described above and shown in the figure do not include cardiac and systemic compensatory mechanisms (e.g., systemic vasoconstriction, increased blood volume, and increased heart rate and inotropy) that attempt to maintain cardiac output and arterial pressure.
RK Revised 04/05/07 |
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DISCLAIMER: These materials are for educational purposes only, and are not a source of medical decision-making advice. © 1999-2008 Richard E. Klabunde, all rights reserved. |